Introduction: Semiconductor materials are indispensable materials in the production of solar light batteries for solar garden lights. This article focuses on popular science and its unique properties.

What is a semiconductor? What are the unique properties of semiconductors?

    Solar photovoltaic cells are capable of converting sunlight into electrical energy because they are made of solar photovoltaic materials, which are an important class of semiconductor materials. Therefore, to understand solar photovoltaic cells, you should first understand what semiconductors are.

    What is a semiconductor? Semiconductors are a name given when people classify substances by electrical properties. In order to find out what is a semiconductor. Let's first look at the main differences between semiconductors and other materials.

The difference between semiconductors and other materials is mainly manifested in electrical properties, especially in terms of electrical conductivity. An object conducts well and can be seen from its electrical conductivity. Conductivity is a physical quantity indicating the electrical conductivity of an object. Conductivity is good. Conductivity is low. The conductivity is in S/m or Ω^(-1)·m^(-1). ).

    This unit of conductivity is rarely used, and people are not very familiar with it. Therefore, when distinguishing the conductivity of an object, you can also see this resistivity.

    Resistivity is a measure of the resistance of an object to current. In fact, it is also a resistivity measure of an object that reflects the electrical conductivity of an object. Conductivity and resistivity are reciprocal relationship with each other. If the resistivity is high, the obstacle is large, and the current is difficult to pass, so the conduction is poor. Conversely, if the resistivity is low, the resistance is small, and the current is easy to pass, so the conduction is good. .

    The general object has conductive and non-conductive parts. Conductive is simply referred to as conductor, such as copper, aluminum, iron, silver, etc. Their electrical resistivity is very low, and their electrical conductivity is very good. Generally, the electrical conductivity at room temperature is at 10^. (-6)~50^(-5)Ω·cm or less; non-conductive is simply referred to as insulator, such as glass, rubber, ceramic, plastic, etc., their electrical resistivity is very high, their conductivity is very poor, generally at room temperature The resistivity is greater than 1010 cm; and the conductivity of the semiconductor material at room temperature is between 10^10 Ω·cm. It can be seen that the semiconductor is neither a conductor nor an insulator, and is an object between the conductor and the insulator, which is a special type.

    Characteristics of semiconductors in solar lamps

    Of course, from the point of view that the conductivity of a semiconductor is the same as that of a conductor and an insulator, it does not attract such attention and will not be widely used. Nowadays, semiconductors have become the "darling" of people because of their unique properties.

    The unique properties of semiconductor materials mainly include the following aspects:

    (1) The resistivity of a semiconductor material is highly dependent on the impurities contained in the semiconductor material. When the semiconductor material contains a very small amount of impurities, the conductivity thereof can be greatly changed.

    (2) The electrical conductivity of the semiconductor material changes with temperature. When the purity is high, the temperature coefficient of the electrical conductivity is positive. In other words. As the temperature increases, the electrical conductivity increases, that is, the electrical resistivity becomes smaller; on the contrary, the electrical conductivity of the metal decreases with increasing temperature; when the temperature of the semiconductor rises to a certain point, its electrical conductivity is similar to that of the metallic conductor.

    (3) When the semiconductor material encounters light, the conductivity becomes larger, or an electromotive force is generated at the junction.

    (4) The resistivity of semiconductor materials also produces a wide range of fluctuations under the influence of electrical and magnetic factors.

    (5) Semiconductor materials have unique electrical conductivity, and current is realized by directional transmission of positively charged holes and negatively charged electrons, which can be electronically conductive, such as N-type semiconductors; or can be hole-conducting, such as P-type semiconductor.

    (6) The contact surface (junction) of the semiconductor material with the metal contact surface or the different conductivity type of the semiconductor material can exhibit rectification.

    (7) Semiconductor materials have Hall effect

    (8) Semiconductor materials have a more sensitive piezoelectric effect. Semiconductor materials have many unique properties, so they can be used in a wide range of applications. They can be fabricated into transistors, integrated circuits, detectors, and microwave devices, as well as solar photovoltaic cells. The resistivity of semiconductor materials is very sensitive to temperature, light, magnetic field, pressure, humidity, and impurity concentration factors, so it can be made into devices such as luminescence, power generation, magnetic sensitivity, pressure sensitivity, gas sensitivity, humidity sensitivity, and thermoelectric conversion.

    According to the above, a solar lamp battery made of a semiconductor material has a high electrical conductivity at a high temperature. The conversion rate of outdoor solar lights is higher than that of indoors. The solar energy storage of outdoor solar floodlights such as solar garden lights and solar lawn lights is also faster.

    Nuusolar produces the most professional and durable solar lighting equipment for you!